The 6V battery-powered emergency light that appears on the market is too simple to be equipped with a long-term heat supply and burns. When charging, it is easy to cause the battery to overcharge, causing the electrolyte to dry prematurely and shorten the battery life. In response to this - shortcomings, the author changed it to an automatic charger, after more than half a year, the effect is good.
Emergency light circuit and working principle: The circuit is as shown in the above figure. The principle is simpler than the reference voltage of T1 base. The relay J realizes the self-locking and automatic power-off of the switch K. When the battery is connected, press K, the power indicator light. L lights up, and J is electrically connected. K is self-locked by its contact J-0, charging starts. At this time, due to battery under power, T1 emitter voltage is lower than (7.5V+0.65V), T1 is cut off, T2 Also, they have no effect on T3. When the battery voltage is charged to 7.5V, the T1 emitter voltage is 7.5V+0.65V, T1 is saturated and turned on, T2 is also turned on, T3 base voltage drops and cuts off, J loses power, J-0 disconnects, charges stop. The indicator L is off. The battery of different voltages can also be charged by adjusting W. Diode D in the circuit is an isolation diode that prevents reverse discharge of the battery.
Component selection and production:
R is a charge current limiting resistor, which can be selected between 5 and 10 ohms, and other components have no special requirements. All components can be attached to a plastic box, and the IC can be used without a heat sink. Debug short circuit K, adjust W to make the IC output voltage for the battery full voltage 7.5V.
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