An important element of the smart grid is the distributed power grid based on a huge energy network, where users are both energy consumers and energy providers.
There are two sources of energy, namely solar and wind power, which can generate reasonable electrical energy in small and large systems, and can also provide return on investment and reduce maintenance costs. In addition to the technology to convert energy into electricity (photovoltaic panels, turbines), it is also necessary to increase the system efficiency to the highest level by reducing the power loss in the circuit board required for power conversion control. In this area, STMicroelectronics has been leading the development of advanced power semiconductor technology and innovative system solutions.
Photovoltaic power optimizer
The architecture based on the power optimizer consists of three major functional modules, as shown in the figure.
The power optimizer implements panel-level DC-DC power conversion, MPPT and communication functions.
The inverter realizes DC-AC power conversion, communication function and AC grid connection.
The data concentrator collects data (voltage value, current value, etc.) from all panels and inverters, and then sends it to the local or remote monitoring access point.
According to the output voltage of the DC-DC converter, two power optimizer architectures can be determined:
Low voltage architecture, the power optimizers in each string are connected in series
High voltage architecture, the power optimizer is directly connected in parallel with the main inverter
These architectures have the following advantages:
Higher capacity: MPPT can increase panel-level system capacity to the highest level
Panel-level communication and monitoring functions
The following circuit diagram can help you select the product that best meets your functional module requirements from a large number of recommended products.
PV module string and central inverter
The string and centralized inverter architectures represent traditional grid-connected photovoltaic systems. It consists of three major functional modules, as shown in the figure.
There are junction boxes in each solar panel, which can realize the important bypass function.
The combiner box can protect and monitor the string.
The inverter can realize power conversion stage (DC-DC and DC-AC with MPPT), communication function and AC grid connection.
The following circuit diagram can help you select the product that best meets your functional module requirements from a large number of recommended products.
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