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Portable power supplies are used in a wide range of applications. Products include wireless sensor nodes that consume uW-class average power, and medical or data acquisition systems that can be powered by carts that consume hundreds of watt-hours of battery power. However, despite the wide variety of applications, there are several trends, and designers increasingly need to provide more power to the product to support the ever-increasing number of features, while also considering how to charge the battery with any available power source. To meet the first need, it is necessary to increase battery capacity. Unfortunately, most of the users are more anxious. After the capacity is increased, they must be fully charged within a reasonable period of time, which leads to an increase in the charging current. To meet the second requirement, the battery charging solution is required to provide great flexibility. This article will discuss these issues in more detail.
Greater power
Considering new handheld devices, consumer-facing devices and industrial devices may include cellular phone modems, Wi-Fi modules, Bluetooth modules, large-size backlit displays... and more. The power architecture of many handheld devices is very similar to that of cellular phones. In general, a 3.7V lithium-ion battery is used as the main power source because lithium-ion batteries have high energy density by weight and volume (units are Wh/kg and Wh/m3, respectively). In the past, many high-power devices used 7.4V lithium-ion batteries to reduce current requirements, but the introduction of low-cost 5V power management ICs has prompted more and more handheld devices to adopt lower voltage architectures. The tablet is a good illustration of this: a typical tablet has a lot of features and a very large display (in terms of portable devices). When powered by a 3.7V battery, its capacity must be calculated in thousands of milliamps-hours. In order to fully charge such a battery within a few hours, thousands of mA of charging current is required.
However, without a high current AC adapter, the charging current is so high that it does not prevent consumers from using USB ports to charge high-power devices. To meet this need, the battery charger must be able to charge at high current (>2A) when the AC adapter is available, and the battery charger must still be able to efficiently utilize the USB port to provide 2.5W to 4.5 when no AC adapter is available. W power. In addition, the device must protect sensitive downstream low-voltage components from possible overvoltage conditions and must seamlessly transfer large currents from the USB input, AC adapter, or battery to the load, while minimizing power consumption. In addition, the IC must securely manage battery charging algorithms and monitor critical system parameters.
2.54mm Pitch
2.54mm Pitch
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